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Objective: To investigate the quality of life and associated factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 25 provinces and cities in China was performed from June to September 2020. A questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic and clinical information of patients with CHD, while the European Five-dimensional Quality of Life Scale (EQ-5D) was used to assess the quality of life. Multiple linear regression model was performed to analyze the associated factors. Results: The median age of the 1 075 responders was 60 (52, 67) years, and 797 (74.1%) were men. The EQ-5D and EQ-VAS indices were 0.7 (0.5, 0.8) and 60.0 (40.0, 80.0). Among the five dimensions in the quality of life scale, the frequency of anxiety/depression was the highest (59.8%), while problems in self-care was the lowest (35.8%). In the multiple linear regression model, female, increasing age, obesity, comorbidity(ies), anxiety/depression, social media channels, and receiving the CABG therapy were associated with the lower EQ-5D index (all P<0.05). In addition, increasing age, obesity, comorbidity (ies), depression, anxiety and depression, social media channels, and receiving the CABG therapy were associated with lower EQ-VAS index (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Over half of the patients with CHD in China have a low quality of life, which is related to gender, age, obesity, treatment pathway, the presence or absence of comorbidity (ies), and psychological state. In addition to managing the adverse effects of traditional socio-demographic factors on the quality of life, clinical practices should pay attention to the psychological state of patients. Moreover, establishing a WeChat group for doctor-patient communication could improve the quality of life of CHD patients.
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Male , Humans , Female , Quality of Life/psychology , Self Report , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coronary Disease , Surveys and Questionnaires , ObesityABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang on the hippocampus of rats with chronic stress depression based on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase B (TrkB)/cyclic adenosine phosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) pathway. Method:Sixty SD rats were divided into a blank group (<italic>n</italic>=10) and an experimental group (<italic>n</italic>=50) for the induction of the chronic stress depression model. The rats in the experimental group were further divided into the following five groups: a model group， a fluoxetine hydrochloride group (0.003 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and low-(1.625 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>), medium-(3.25 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and high-dose (6.5 g·kg<sup>-1</sup>) Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang groups. The rats were administered correspondingly by gavage once a day for eight weeks. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the depression state of the rats before modeling， after modeling， and after drug administration. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the hippocampus of rats. The immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to quantitatively detect BDNF protein expression in the rat hippocampus. The mRNA and protein expression of BDNF， TrkB， and CREB in the rat hippocampus was detected by the real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (Real-time PCR) and Western blot， respectively. Result:Compared with the blank group， the model group showed decreased sucrose preference rate (<italic>P</italic><0.05)， declining horizontal and vertical scores (<italic>P</italic><0.05)， and prolonged immobility time and floating time (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Additionally， HE staining results revealed that hippocampal neuron structure was damaged. IHC staining showed that the mRNA and protein expression of BDNF， TrkB， and CREB was significantly decreased (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Compared with the model group， the fluoxetine hydrochloride group and the Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang groups displayed elevated sucrose preference rate (<italic>P</italic><0.05)， increased horizontal and vertical scores (<italic>P</italic><0.05)， and shortened immobility time and floating time (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Furthermore, the hippocampal neuron structure was significantly repaired. IHC staining showed that the mRNA and protein expression of BDNF， TrkB， and CREB was significantly increased (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Conclusion:Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Tang can significantly improve the depression-like behaviors of rats after chronic stress stimulation and enhance the regeneration and repair of neurons in the hippocampus. The underlying mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of monoclonal antibody in the treatment of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Methods Together 33 patients (33 eyes) with exudative AMD from February 2010 to May 2015 selected in this study were treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab,followed by examination of the best corrected visual acuity before and after surgery by international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart.The differences in ophthalmic artery (OA),central retinal artery (CRA) and ciliary artery hemodynamic parameters before and after operation were compared,and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was used to measure and calculate the changes in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) fluorescein leakage area before and after operation.Results The best corrected visual acuity was significantly improved 1 week after operation when compared with preoperative data [(0.29 ± 0.18) vs.(0.16 ± 0.15)],with significant difference (P =0.002).And 7 days after operation,the area of CNV fluorescein leakage was less than that of postoperative data [(8.48 ± 6.13)mm2 vs.(11.39 ± 6.12)mm2],and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.029).However,there was no difference in OA,CRA,the peak systolic velocity (PSV),end diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV)and resistance index (RI),pulsatility index (PI) in the treatment eyes between before operation and 1,4 weeks after operation (all P ＞ 0.05).Conelusion Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the treatment of exudative AMD is safe and effective and can effectively improve the visual acuity and alleviate CNV leakage,without adveme effects on patients' hemodynamics.
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BACKGROUND: With the development of clinical practices, some complications of vertebroplasty are gradually highlighted. Considering the thermal reaction, toxicity and space-occupying filling of bone cement, vertebroplasty with bone cement injection is likely to cause some impacts on the surrounding vertebrae, especially the adjacent ones. However, little is reported on the effect of different volumes of bone cement on degeneration of the adjacent vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of different bone cement volumes in percutaneous vertebroplasty on adjacent intervertebral discs in a rabbit model of osteoporosis. METHODS: Thirty 5-month-old New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into five groups: sham, iohexol, low-dose bone cement, middle-dose bone cement and high-dose bone cement groups. Osteoporosis models were established by ovariectomy combined with glucocorticoid injection. After modeling, sham puncture at the fifth lumbar vertebrae was done in the sham group, and true puncture at the fifth lumber vertebra was done in the iohexol group followed by injection with 0.2 mL of iohexol. Different volumes of bone cement (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mL) were injected in the low-, middle- and high-dose bone cement groups, respectively. After 12 weeks, rabbits in these three groups were killed to take the intact L4-5segments that were divided into two parts: one for TUNEL staining to observe cell apoptosis and to calculate apoptotic index, and the other for real-time PCR detection of relative expression of interleukin-1, type II collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-7. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell apoptosis index in the low-, middle- and high-dose bone cement groups were significantly different from that in the sham and iohexol groups, but there was no significant difference among three bone cement groups. The relative expression of interleukin-1 mRNA showed a significant difference between the high-dose group and sham group. The relative expression of type II collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-7 in the three bone cement groups was significantly different from that in the sham and iohexol groups, and the expression in the high-dose bone cement group was also significantly different from that in the low- and middle-dose bone cement groups. To conclude, after percutaneous vertebroplasty, injected bone cement certainly impacts the adjacent vertebrae in the rabbit model of osteoporosis, but not in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, a dramatic aggravation of degeneration of the adjacent vertebrae is developed when high-dose bone cement is injected.
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·AIM: To compare the incidence of posterior capsule folds among different types of intraocular lens (IOL) to determine risk factors of posterior capsule folds. ·METHODS:It was a retrospective study. We collected the cases in which the patients underwent phacoemulsification (PHACO) and IOL implantation and at least one of the three types of IOL was implanted, including 2 - haptic 3 - piece IOLs (HOYA PY60AD), 4-haptic 1-piece IOLs (Bausch &Lomb AO),2-haptic 1-piece IOLs (AMO Tecnis ZCB00). The posterior capsule folds were measured using slit lamp microscope 2d after the surgery. Information of patient's age, gender, length of ocular axis, intraocular pressure, types of IOL were recorded. Posterior capsule fold risk indicators were identified by using logistic regression analysis. ·RESULTS: One hundred eighty-seven patients (242 eyes) had been collected, including 80 eyes implanted with HOYA PY60AD IOLs, 81 eyes implanted with Bausch&Lomb AO IOLs, 81 eyes implanted with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOLs. The incidence of posterior capsule folds of patients implanted with HOYA PY60AD IOLs was significantly higher than those of patients implanted with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOLs(56.3% vs 38.3%, P=0.027). While the incidence of patients implanted with Bausch &Lomb AO IOLs was significantly lower than those of patients implanted with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOLs(14.8% vs 38.3%, P= 0.001). Multi-factor logistics regression analysis demonstrated that independent risk factors were type of IOLs and length of ocular axis. Compared with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOLs, using HOYA PY60AD IOLs increased the risk of posterior capsule folds[P=0.020,OR (95% CI)= 2. 145 ( 1. 129, 4. 073 )], while using Bausch &Lomb AO IOLs reduced the risk [P=0.001, OR (95% CI)= 0. 274 (0.127, 0. 591)]. Shorter ocular axis might increase the risk of posterior capsule folds [P =0.012,OR (95% CI)=0.669(0.489,0.915)].·CONCLUSION: Haptic design should be an important consideration in IOL design. Compared with AMO Tecnis ZCB00 IOLs, using HOYA PY60AD IOLs is more likely to lead to posterior capsule folds formation, while using Bausch & Lomb AO IOLs is less likely to lead the formation. The posterior capsule folds are more engendered in eyes with shorter ocular axis.
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Objectives: To observe the effect of activated G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) on Angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and explore related mechanisms. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes derived from 2-to 3-day-old neonatal rats were cultured in vitro. Tandem mass tags (TMT) protein mass spectrometry was used to examine protein expressions; relevant bioinformatics analysis was performed to screen the possible regulatory mechanisms. Cardiomyocytes were divided into 6 groups: (1)Blank control group, (2) AngII group, (3)AngII+G1 (GPER1 activator) group, (4)AngII+G1+G15 (GPER1 inhibitor) group, (5)AngII+G1+U0126 (extracellular ERK inhibitor) group and (6)AngII+G1+MK2206 (AKT inhibitor) group (n=3 for each group). Cardiomyocytes GPER1 expressions, mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), protein levels of ERK, AKT with their interactions, autophagy-related proteins LC3II and LC3I were compared among different groups;impact of GPER1 on cardiomyocytes apoptosis was detected by flowcytometry. Results: AngII induced cardiomyocytes hypertrophy and upregulation of ANP and BNP mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). GPER1 expression could be detected on cardiomyocytes by Immunofluorescence technique. qRT-PCR results showed that GPER1 was activated by the specific activator G1 and mRNA expressions of ANP and BNP were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the specific activator G1 (P<0.05); mRNA levels of ANP and BNP were re-elevated in AngII+G1+G15 group (P<0.05). Western blotting results showed that protein expression of p-ERK and p-AKT was significantly higher in AngII group and AngII+G1 group than in blank control group (P<0.05), significantly reduced in AngII+G1+G15 group compared with AngII+G1 group (P<0.05); decreased expressions of p-ERK, p-AKT and mRNA levels of ANP,BNP were also detected in AngII+G1+MK2206 group (P<0.05). G1 induced protein expression was similar between AngII+G1 group and AngII+G1+U0126 group. Flowcytometry results indicated that cardiomyocytes apoptosis was similar between AngII+G1 group and AngII group (P>0.05). Ratio of LC3II/LC3I was significantly higher and autophagy levels were significantly enhanced in AngII group than in blank control group (P<0.01), these changes could be significantly reversed in AngII +G1 group (P<0.01 vs. AngII). Conclusions: Activation of GPER1 could inhibit neonatal cardiomyocytes hypertrophy, this effect might be related to AKT and ERK signaling pathway and cell autophagy.
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To investigate surgical methods and outcomes in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis [TB] in adults. One hundred and eighty-one patients [average age 39 years] without multiple-level noncontiguous spinal TB were followed up for 22-72 months. The patients were divided into four groups according to surgical procedure on the basis of the position and extension of the foci: group A [74 cases]: anterior radical debridement and strut grafting with instrumentation; group B [83 cases]: posterior instrumentation and bone grafting with anterior radical debridement and strut grafting in a single- or two-stage procedure; group C [10 cases]: extrapleural anterolateral decompression and strut grafting with posterior instrumentation in thoracic or thoracolumbar spine, and group D [27 cases]: single-stage transforaminal decompression and posterior instrumentation and fusion. There was a significant decrease [p < 0.05] in mean preoperative [81%] Oswestry's Disability Index. Except for 24 patients with lumbosacral TB who were only instrumented posteriorly, kyphosis degrees were corrected by a mean of 11.5°C in the anterior instrumentation group and 12.6°C in the posterior instrumentation group [p < 0.01]. The correction loss was 6.8°C in the anterior instrumentation group and 6.1°C in the posterior instrumentation group at the last follow-up [p < 0.01]. The four surgical procedures obtained good results for correction and maintenance of the correction, clearance of the foci, decompression of the spinal cord and pain relief in the treatment of spinal TB in adults, providing that the operative indication is accurately identified. However, the posterior approach was superior to anterior instrumentation for correcting deformity and maintaining the correction
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Humans , Female , Male , Tuberculosis , Treatment Outcome , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methodsABSTRACT
The change of drug development pattern pushes the innovation of drug valuation methods. The pharmacokinetic research of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) is an important part of TCM modernization and plays a key role in novel drug development of TCM. However, the research methods and techniques are in consistent with the specific characteristics of TCM, i.e., multiple-components is still in the infant. This review makes a brief summary of current pharmacokinetic exploration of TCM, metabonomics and complex network, and puts forward a new strategy based on complex network and metabonomics to study TCM pharmacokinetic in order to disclose the active components and mechanism of TCM.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacokinetics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Metabolic Networks and Pathways , Metabolomics , Plants, Medicinal , ChemistryABSTRACT
Background Following the accelerated speed of population aging in China,the incidence of cataract is rising gradually.Researches indicated that senescenee marker protein-30 ( SMP-30 ) is closely associated with the occurring and developing of cataract. Objective This study was to investigate the expression of SMP-30 in human lens epithelial cells(LECs) of age-related cataract and study the relationship between SMP-30 and apoptosis.Methods Capsulotomy was performed on 80 eyes of 59 patients with simple cortex age-related cataract and 70 eyes of 53 age-matched patients with nucleus age-related cataract.The anterior capsular specimens were obtained by circularly capsulorhexis during the operation.Expressions of the SMP-30 protein and mRNA in the LECs of two types of cataract were detected using immunochemistry and real-time PCR respectively.Apoptosis of the LECs was assayed by TUNEL.The differences of expression of SMP-30 and apoptosis were compared between the two types of cataract.Results Immunochemistry showed that SMP-30 was expressed in cytoplasm of LECs.The expression intensity of SMP-30 was higher in the center zone compared with periphery zone.The apoptosis rate of LECs was significantly higher in the center of the anterior capsule than the periphery in both two types of cataract ( nucleus cataract:19.34％±0.11％ vs 8.32 ％ ± 0.57 ％,P =0.025 ; cortex cataract:42.07 ％ ± 0.86 ％ vs 13.55 ％ ± 0.64 ％,P =0.010 ).The expression amount of SMP-30 mRNA was lower at the periphery than the center of lens in both two types of cataract (nucleus cataract:45.21±2.79 vs 76.42±11.21,P=0.042 ;cortex cataract:108.32±4.32 vs 206.34±15.67,P=0.037 ),and that of nucleus cataract was significantly lower than cortex cataract (60.02±9.08 vs 157.33 ± 13.01,P =0.034),and the apoptosis rate of LECs was declined in the nucleus cataract group compared with the cortex cataract group ( 14.05％ ±0.22％ vs 27.70％ ±0.81％,P =0.007 ). Conclusions LECs apoptosis exists in age-related cataract.SMP-30 probably plays an important role in the formation of cataract.
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With the changes of life style, diabetes and its complications have become a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is reasonable to anticipate a continued rise in the incidence of diabetes and its complications along with the aging of the population, increase in adult obesity rate, and other risk factors. Diabetic encephalopathy is one of the severe microvascular complications of diabetes, characterized by impaired cognitive functions, and electrophysiological, neurochemical, and structural abnormalities. It may involve direct neuronal damage caused by intracellular glucose. However, the pathogenesis of this disease is complex and its diagnosis is not very clear. Previous researches have suggested that chronic metabolic alterations, vascular changes, and neuronal apoptosis may play important roles in neuronal loss and damaged cognitive functions. Multiple factors are responsible for neuronal apoptosis, such as disturbed insulin growth factor (IGF) system, hyperglycemia, and the aging process. Recent data suggest that insulin/C-peptide deficiency may exert a primary and key effect in diabetic encephalopathy. Administration of C-peptide partially improves the condition of the IGF system in the brain and prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of diabetic patients. Those findings provide a basis for application of C-peptide as a potentially effective therapy for diabetes and diabetic encephalopathy.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Brain Diseases , C-Peptide , Physiology , Cognition Disorders , Diabetes Complications , Risk Factors , StrokeABSTRACT
Background Vitreous hemorrhage in long-term produces toxic substances and influent the metabolism of eye tissue.Lens capsule is found more thin and transparent in the eyes with chronic vitreous hemorrhage.To research the effect of vitreous hemorrhage to lens is very important for the choose of the phaco operative timing.Objective The aim of this work was to investigate the ultrastructural change of lens epithelial cells(LECs) in the eyes with experimental vitreous hemorrhage.Methods The autologous blood of 0.1 ml was intravitreally injected in the left eyes of 8 general New Zealand white rabbits,and the equal amount of phosphate buffered saline(pH7.4) was used at the same way in the right eyes.Vitreous and fundus were examined with direct ophthalmoscope on 1,3,5,9,15,20,25,30 days to assess the inflammatory response after intravitreal injection.The specimens of lens anterior capsule were obtained in 30 days after injection and the ultrastructure and apoptosis of LECs were evaluated under the transmission electron microscope. Results No obvious ocular inflammatory response was seen throughout the experimental duration,and there was no vitreous hemorrhage in the right eyes after intravitreal injection.The vitreous hemorrhage agglutinated with clear boundary in the left eyes on 1 day after intravitreal injection,and the hemorrhage turned into dark-red color on the fifth day.On the fifteenth day after injection,the hemorrhage mass became to be grey color and the vitreous liquefaction occurred in the left eyes.The hemorrhage disappeared until 25 days.But in the one month after injection of self-blood,the vitreous showed the deeper red color.The early apoptosis appeared in the LECs of the left eyes in the thirty day,presenting the enlargement and broaden of intercellular space,the decrease of mitochondria number,vacuolar change,expanse of endoplasmic reticulum and disappearance of the nuclear membrane structure. Conclusions Vitreous hemorrhage leads to the ultrastructural pathological changes of lens.
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·AIM: To evaluate the recurrence rate and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) augmented with mitomycin C (MMC) compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone during the pterygium excision.·METHODS: We took a meta-analysis on this program.Pertinentstudieswereselectedthroughextensive searches of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE,CBMdisc, CNKI. Pooled estimates were carried out in RevMan software V4.2.·RESULTS: Six trials reported postoperative recurrence rate of pterygium, included 882 eyes, three trials reported the complications. The results of meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of AMT plus MMC group was 5.41％,AMT alone group was 16.89％, relative risk (RR) was 0.32, 95％CI ranged from 0.19 to 0.56, Zwas 4.06, P< 0.001. Two trials reported early complication as punctata keratitis, the incidence rate of AMT plus MMC group and AMT alone group were 17.14％ and 0.00％, RR was 12.11,95％CI ranged from 1.62 to 90.76.·CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation with MMC is associated with lower recurrence rate compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone in pterygium excision,whether accompanied a higher risk with adverse events need more investigation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate perioperative features and results of surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis in aged.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Review the clinical data of 36 aged with spinal tuberculosis from May 1998 to June 2005 retrospectively. The average age was 70.2 years. The sites of infection included 3 cervical, 9 thoracic, 13 thoracolumbar and 11 lumbar. 28 patients suffered 1 or more complications at least and among of them, there were 18 patients have cerebral or heart vascular disease, 16 patients have diabetes mellitus. Before operation, all patients consulted with internal stuff for the proper treatment of concomitant disease. The surgical procedures include: CT guided percutaneous catheter drainage in 3 patients, anterior debridement and bony grafting with anterior instrumentation fixation in 12 patients, anterior debridement and bony grafting with posterior fixation in 5 patients, posterolateral costotransversectomy debridement and interbody fusion with posterior fixation in 7 patients, posterior debridement and posterior fixation in 9 patients. The mean followed-up period was 3 years and 10 months (from 1.5 to 6 years).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One died at two week after the operation. Tuberculous infection was controlled in other patients and no recurrence. Two patients died because of myocardial infarction and cerebral hemorrhage respectively at 1.5 and 2.5 years after operation. Bone fusion was achieved in 31 patients. The deformity was partial corrected at the final follow-up. Among 20 cases with neurologic deficit, 11 cases were completely recovered, 5 cases were partly improved.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>If the associated disorders and postoperative complications are properly handled, aged patients can endure surgical treatment for spinal tuberculosis. Instrumentation fixation provides adequate stability and promote recovery.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Transplantation , Debridement , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Health Services for the Aged , Radiography , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Fusion , Spine , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis, Spinal , General SurgeryABSTRACT
The cis and trans isomers separation of 2-butene-1,4-diol and lafutidine were studied by HPLC on two kinds of chiral columns: (S,S)-Whelk-O 1 and ChiraSpher. The isomers of 2-butene-1,4-diol can be separated on both chiral columns while the isomers of lafutidine can only be resolved on ChiraSpher column. The influence of different type and amount of mobile phase modifier on the isomers separation was extensively studied. The resolution of cis and trans isomers of 2-butene-1,4-diol was 2.61 on (S,S)-Whelk-O 1 column with hexane-ethanol (97:3, v/v) as the mobile phase. The resolution of lafutidine was 1.89 on ChiraSpher column with hexane-ethanol-THF-diethylamine (92:3:5:0.1, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. LC-MS methods were developed to identify the isomer peaks.
Subject(s)
Acetamides , Chemistry , Butylene Glycols , Chemistry , Chemical Fractionation , Methods , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Isomerism , Mass Spectrometry , Methods , Piperidines , Chemistry , Pyridines , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects of locking calcaneal plate in the treatment of SandersⅢ～Ⅳcalcaneal fractures.Methods 15 feet of 12 patients of SandersⅢ～Ⅳcalcaneal fractures received the treatment of internal fixation reduction with locking calcaneal plate and hone graft.Results All the patients were followed up for 4 to 21 months(average 11 months) with the results that according to Maryland foot score,4 feet were reported ex- cellent,6 good,1 average and 1 poor,with total excellent and good rate of 83.3 %.Conclusion Using locking cal- caneat plate in the treatment of complicated calcaneal fractures was proved to be a good method and had satisfactory effects.
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Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of age-related cortex and nuclear cataract.Methods The levels of transforming growth factor-?_2 (TGF-?_2)mRNA,proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),ratio of Bcl-2/Bax,fibronection (FN),vimentin and the density of lens epithelial cells (LECs) were measured and compared among age-related nuclear cataract,cortex cataract and normal LECs.Results The ratio of TGF-?_2 mRNA expression/?-actin expression,the levels of PCNA protein,Bax and Bcl-2 in age-related nuclear cataract(0.16?0.02,16.01,15.97, 16.97)and in cortex cataract (0.27?0.01,1.98,16.93,1.44) were significantly different from those in normal LECs(0.15+0.02,2.43,16.84,6.12),all P